French History

During the French Revolution, the Reign of Terror (1793–1794) plunged France into chaos as fear, suspicion, and political purges ruled the nation. Thousands were executed by guillotine, including Marie Antoinette, while Robespierre’s grip on power tightened — until he, too, met the blade. A dark reminder of how revolutionary ideals can spiral into bloodshed.

On May 13, 1637, Cardinal Richelieu, the influential French statesman, invented the modern table knife. Prior to this, knives were primarily used for cutting large pieces of food. Richelieu's design featured a rounded tip, making it safer and more refined for dining. His innovation revolutionized eating etiquette, leaving a lasting legacy in the development of dining utensils. The table knife remains a fundamental part of every meal today.

Catherine de Medici, queen and mother of three French kings, ruled behind the scenes during one of France’s most turbulent eras. Fierce, strategic, and unwavering, she used diplomacy and power to protect her children and the Valois dynasty. Her legacy as a mother is one of resilience and political brilliance in the face of constant turmoil.

Hugo’s influence extended beyond books and politics—he was deeply invested in humanitarian causes. He championed the abolition of the death

Giacomo Casanova was an Italian adventurer, writer, and infamous libertine, best known for his scandalous romantic escapades.